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Jesus Will Come Again to Glorigfy the Living and the Dead

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Belief regarding the return of Jesus

Greek icon of the Second Coming, c. 1700

The Second Coming (sometimes called the 2d Appearance or the Parousia) is a Christian and Islamic belief that Jesus will return once more, afterwards his ascension to heaven most two thousand years ago. The thought is based on messianic prophecies and is part of most Christian eschatologies.

Views about the nature of Jesus's Second Coming vary among Christian denominations and among individual Christians, likewise every bit among Muslims and Bahá'ís.

Terminology [edit]

Several different terms are used to refer to the Second Coming of Christ:

In the New Testament, the Greek word ἐπιφάνεια (epiphaneia, appearing) is used five times to refer to the return of Christ.[1]

The Greek New Testament uses the Greek term parousia (παρουσία, pregnant "arrival", "coming", or "presence") twenty-four times, seventeen of them apropos Christ. However, parousia has the singled-out reference to a period of time rather than an case in time. At Matthew 24:37 parousia is used to clearly describe the period of time that Noah lived. The Greek word eleusisouth which means "coming" is not interchangeable with parousia. And then this parousia or "presence" would be unique and distinct from anything that had occurred earlier.[two] The word is besides used 6 times referring to individuals (Stephanas, Fortunatus and Achaicus,[1Co.16:17] Titus,[2Co. 7:6–72] and Paul the Apostle [2Co. x:10] [Phil 1:26] [2:12]) and one time referring to the "coming of the lawless 1".[2Thes two:nine]

Gustav Adolf Deissmann (1908)[three] showed that the Greek discussion parousia occurred as early as the tertiary century BC to describe the visit of a king or dignitary to a urban center – a visit arranged in society to evidence the visitor'southward magnificence to the people.

In Islam, the term Rajʽa (Arabic: الرجعة, romanized: al-rajʿah , lit.'Return') refers to the Second Coming.[four] The term is most unremarkably used by Shia Muslims.[4]

Specific appointment predictions and claims [edit]

Views nearly the nature of the 2d Coming vary among Christian denominations and among private Christians. Many specific dates have been predicted for the 2nd Coming, some now in the distant past, others still in the futurity.

Christianity [edit]

Most English language versions of the Nicene Creed include the following statements:[ citation needed ]

...he ascended into heaven and is seated at the correct hand of the Father. He will come again in his glory to judge the living and the expressionless, and his kingdom will accept no end. ... We look for the resurrection of the dead, and the life of the earth to come.

A 2010 survey showed that about 40% of Americans believe that Jesus is probable to return by 2050. This varies from 58% of white evangelical Christians, through 32% of Catholics to 27% of white mainline Protestants.[5] Belief in the Second Coming was popularised in the US in the late nineteenth century by the evangelist Dwight L. Moody and the premillennial interpretation became one of the core components of Christian fundamentalism in the 1920s.

Early Christianity [edit]

Jesus told his disciples,

"Truly I tell yous, this generation [greek: genea] will certainly not pass abroad until all these things have happened. Heaven and world volition pass abroad, only my words will not pass away."

The most common English translation of genea is "generation",[half-dozen] which lead some to conclude that the Second Coming was to be witnessed past the people living in the aforementioned generation as Jesus. For instance, according to historian Charles Freeman, early Christians expected Jesus to return within a generation of his death and the non-occurrence of the 2d coming really surprised the early Christian communities.[7]

In most German Bibles, genea is instead translated every bit "family/lineage" (geschlecht).[8] Likewise for Danish, Swedish and Norwegian (slægt, släkte and slekt, respectively).[9] [10] [11] The Danish linguist Iver Larsen argues that the discussion "generation" as it was used in the King James Version of the Bible (1611) had a much wider meaning than it has today, and that the correct translation of genea in the context of the 2d coming is "kind of people." (specifically the "proficient" kind of people; the disciple'due south kind of people, who, similar the words of Jesus, will endure through all the tribulations). In Psalm xiv, the Male monarch James version uses "generation" in this wide and outdated sense, when information technology declares that "God is in the generation of the righteous."[12] According to Larsen, the Oxford Universal Dictionary states that the latest attested use of genea in the sense of "class, kind or set of persons" took identify in 1727. Larsen concludes that the pregnant of "generation" in the English linguistic communication has narrowed considerably since and then.[13]

Bible scholar Philip La Grange du Toit argues that genea is generally used to describe a timeless and spiritual family/lineage of good or bad people in The New Attestation, and that this is the case as well for the second coming discourse in Matthew 24. In contrast to Larsen nonetheless, he argues that the word genea here denotes the "bad" kind of people," because Jesus had used the discussion in that debasing sense in the preceding context (chapter 23.) He as well lists the main competing translation alternatives, and some of the scholars that supports the unlike views:

  • 'This generation' refers to Jesus' contemporaries who would witness 'all these things' [πάντα ταῦτα] as outlined in verses 4–31, including Jesus' second coming (Davies & Allison 1997:367–368; Hare 1993:281; Maddox 1982:111–115). Because Jesus' contemporaries did non witness his second coming, some fence that Jesus erred in his predictions (Luz 2005:209; cf. Schweitzer 1910:356–364).
  • 'This generation' refers to Jesus' contemporaries who would witness 'all these things' as outlined in verses four–22 or iv–28, pointing to the destruction of the temple in 70 CE and everything leading upward to information technology. Jesus' second coming (vv. 29–31) is thus excluded from 'all these things' (Blomberg 1992:364; Carson 1984:507; France 2007:930; Hagner 1995:715).
  • 'This generation' points to the Ἰουδαῖοι [Jews or Judaeans], implying that they as a race would concluding until the Parousia (Hendriksen 1973:868–869; Schweizer 1976:458).
  • In patristic stance, 'this generation' points to the church against which the gates of Hades would non prevail (cf. Chrysostom, Hom. Matt. 77:1; Eusebius, Frag. in Lc. ad loc).
  • 'This generation' points to some future generation, from Matthew's perspective, that sees 'all these things' (Bock 1996:538–539; Conzelmann 1982:105).
  • The words 'take place' or 'have happened' [γένηται] is interpreted as an ingressive aorist: 'to begin' or 'to have a outset'. In other words, 'all these things' would start to happen in the generation of Jesus' nowadays disciples, merely would not necessarily finish in their time (Cranfield 1954:291; Talbert 2010:270).
  • 'This generation' points to a sure kind of people in accordance with the pejorative connotations to 'generation' [γενεά] elsewhere in the gospel (Morris 1992:613; Nelson 1996:385; Rieske 2008:225; see, east.k., Mt 11:16; 12:39, 41–42, 45; 16:four; 17:17; 23:36). While DeBruyn (2010:190) and Lenski (1943:953) interpret the expression in a similar way, they connect 'this generation' to a certain kind of people from the Ἰουδαῖοι who resisted Jesus (cf. view 3 discussed before).[fourteen]

Jesus is besides recorded as saying,

"...there are some continuing hither, which shall non gustatory modality death, till they see the Son of Man coming in his kingdom."

He makes similar predictions in five other places in the Gospels; Marking 9:1, Mark xiii:30, Matt 24:34, Luke 9:27, Luke 21:32. In religious sceptic Victor J. Stenger'south view, when the coming did not happen inside the life-times of his disciples, Christianity changed its accent to the resurrection and promise of eternal life.[15] A competing view is that information technology is Jesus' coming in power on the mountain that provides the correct interpretative frame for the "not taste death" argument. The writer of 2d Peter describes the event:

"For we did not follow cleverly devised myths when we made known to y'all the power and coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, only nosotros had been eyewitnesses of his majesty. For he received honor and glory from God the Father when that voice was conveyed to him by the Majestic Glory, maxim, 'This is my Son, my Honey, with whom I am well pleased.' Nosotros ourselves heard this voice come up from heaven, while we were with him on the holy mountain."

Preterism [edit]

The position associating the 2d Coming with 1st century events such as the destruction of Jerusalem and of the Jewish Temple in Advertisement 70 is known every bit Preterism.[16]

Some Preterists see this "coming of the Son of Man in glory" primarily fulfilled in Jesus' decease on the cross. They believe the apocalyptic signs are already fulfilled including "the sun volition exist dark" (cf. Marker 13:24–15:33), the "powers ... will exist shaken," (cf. Marker 13:25–14:63, 15:v) and "then they will see" (cf. Marker 13:26–15:31, 15:39). Even so some critics note that many are missing, such every bit "Only the day of the Lord volition come equally a thief in the night, in which the heavens will pass away with a great noise, and the elements will melt with fervent rut; both the earth and the works that are in it will be burned upwards." (2 Peter 3:10).[17] And "And so the sign of the Son of Human being will appear in heaven, and so all the tribes of the earth volition mourn, and they will meet the Son of Man coming on the clouds of sky with power and dandy glory." (Matthew 24:thirty)[18]

Catholicism [edit]

According to the Catholic Church building, the second coming will bring virtually the fullness of the reign of God and the consummation of the universe, flesh, and salvation.[nineteen] The Catholic Church believes at that place are 3 things that hasten the return of Jesus: the transforming power of the Holy Spirit in the liturgy;[twenty] living with the mind of Jesus;[21] and praying for the Lord to come up, above all in the Eucharist.[22]

Many Christian denominations consider this second coming of Christ to be the final and eternal judgment by God of the people in every nation[23] resulting in the glorification of some and the penalisation of others. The concept is institute in all the Canonical gospels, particularly the Gospel of Matthew.

A decisive factor in this Last Judgement during the second coming of Christ will be the question, if the corporal and spiritual works of mercy were expert or not during lifetime. They rate as important acts of mercy, charity and justice. Therefore, and according to the Biblical sources (Matthew 25:31–46), the conjunction of the Last Sentence and the works of mercy is very frequent in the pictorial tradition of Christian art.[24]

Oriental Orthodoxy and Eastern Orthodoxy [edit]

Information technology is the traditional view of Orthodox Christians, preserved from the early Church, that the 2d Coming volition be a sudden and unmistakable incident, like "a flash of lightning".[Mt 24:27] They hold the full general view that Jesus volition non spend any time on the world in ministry or preaching, but come to judge flesh.[25] They teach that the ministry building of the Antichrist will have place right earlier the Second Coming.[25]

The Ethiopian Orthodox Church building, a part of the Oriental Orthodox communion of churches, teaches that the second coming of Jesus volition be radically different than his showtime coming, which "was to save the lost world".[26]

Orthodox layman Alexander Kalomiros explains the original Church's position regarding the Second Coming in River of Burn down [27] and Against False Matrimony,[28] stating that those who fence that Christ will reign on earth for a thousand years "practice not wait for Christ, but for the Antichrist." The thought of Jesus returning to this world as a male monarch is a heretical concept to the Church, equated to "the expectations of the Jews who wanted the Messiah to be an earthly King." The Church instead teaches that which it has taught since the beginning.

Lutheranism and Anglicanism [edit]

A reference to the 2d coming is independent in the Nicene Creed and Apostles Creed, which is recited during the Lutheran and Anglican liturgies: "He [Jesus] shall come again in glory to estimate the living and the dead; and His kingdom shall have no end." An analogous statement is as well in the biblical Pauline Creed (1 Corinthians 15:23).[29]

The Lutheran and Anglican churches proclaim the Mystery of Faith in their liturgies: "Christ has died, Christ is risen, Christ will come again."[30] [31] [32]

Methodism [edit]

Some Methodist denominations teach that the Second Coming is connected with the Final Judgement.[33] The Emmanuel Association, a Methodist denomination in the conservative holiness movement teaches:[34]

We believe that the second coming of Our Lord is to be personal and premillennial, as well that it is imminent (Acts one:ix-eleven; ane Thessalonians 4:14-17; Matthew 25:13; Revelation 22:12). We must distinguish between the Rapture―His coming in the air to receive His saints, which may occur at any moment―and the Revelation―His coming downwards to earth with His saints (2 Thessalonians ane:7-10; Matthew 24-27; 26:29; Revelation xx:4), which latter will not occur until later on the gathering of Israel, the manifestation of the Antichrist, and other prophesied events (2 Thessalonians 2:8-10; Revelation 19:20). ―Principles of Faith, Emmanuel Association of Churches[34]

Latter Day Saint motility [edit]

The standard works of The Church building of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church building) say that Christ volition return, as stated in the Bible. They also teach that

When the Savior comes once more, He will come in power and glory to merits the earth as His kingdom. His Second Coming volition mark the commencement of the Millennium. The Second Coming will be a fearful, mournful fourth dimension for the wicked, but it will be a 24-hour interval of peace for the righteous.[35]

The LDS Church and its leaders do non make predictions of the actual engagement of the Second Coming.

Latter-day Saints have particularly distinct and specific interpretations of what are considered to be signs stated in the Volume of Revelation.[36] According to LDS Church building teachings, the restored gospel will be taught in all parts of the world prior to the Second Coming.[37] Church members believe that there will exist increasingly severe wars, earthquakes, hurricanes, and other man-made and natural disasters prior to the Second Coming.[38]

Seventh-day Adventists [edit]

Key Conventionalities #25 of the Seventh-twenty-four hours Adventist Church states:

The second coming of Christ is the blessed hope of the church, the yard climax of the gospel. The Saviour'due south coming will be literal, personal, visible, and worldwide. When He returns, the righteous dead will be resurrected, and together with the righteous living will be glorified and taken to heaven, but the unrighteous will dice. The about complete fulfillment of most lines of prophecy, together with the nowadays condition of the world, indicates that Christ'southward coming is imminent. The time of that event has non been revealed, and we are therefore exhorted to be ready at all times (Titus 2:xiii; Hebrews 9:28; John 14:i–3; Acts ane:ix–11; Matthew 24:14; Revelation ane:vii; Matthew 24:43, 44; 1 Thessalonians 4:13–xviii; i Corinthians 15:51–54; two Thessalonians 1:7–10; ii:8; Revelation xiv:14–20; Revelation 19:11–21; Matthew 24; Mark 13; Luke 21; two Timothy iii:one–5; i Thessalonians 5:1–half dozen).[39]

Jehovah's Witnesses [edit]

Jehovah's Witnesses rarely use the term "second coming", preferring the term "presence" as a translation of parousia.[twoscore] They believe that Jesus' comparing of "the presence of the Son of man" with "the days of Noah" at Matthew 24:37–39 and Luke 17:26–30 suggests a elapsing rather than a moment of arrival.[41] They also believe that biblical chronology points to 1914[42] equally the start of Christ's "presence", which continues until the final battle of Armageddon. Other biblical expressions they correlate with this period include "the time of the terminate" (Daniel 12:4), "the decision of the arrangement of things" (Matthew 13:40,49; 24:3) and "the last days" (2 Timothy 3:1; 2 Peter iii:iii).[43] [44] Witnesses believe Christ's millennial reign begins later on Armageddon.[45]

Emanuel Swedenborg and the New Church [edit]

Emanuel Swedenborg, an 18th century scientist turned theologian, taught that his time (that historians have called the Age of Enlightenment) was an historic period of darkness and dubiousness for the Christian church. Historian Marguerite Beck Block writes,

Now therefore it was fourth dimension for a new church building to be founded upon the world, and for this purpose information technology was necessary for the Lord Himself to make his Second Coming to the sons of men.

"The night is followed past a morning which is the coming of the Lord. . . . The prevailing opinion in the churches at the present day is, that when the Lord shall come for the concluding judgment. He will announced in the clouds of heaven with angels and the sound of trumpets, etc.," but this stance is erroneous. The Second Coming of the Lord is non a coming in person, just in spirit and in the Discussion, which is from Him, and is Himself. . . . Heretofore it has non been known that 'the clouds of heaven' mean the Word in the sense of the letter, and that the 'celebrity and ability' in which He is and so to come up, mean the spiritual sense of the Word, because no one as still has had the least theorize that in that location is a spiritual sense in the Word, such as this sense is in itself. But as the Lord has now opened to me the spiritual sense of the Give-and-take, and has granted me to exist associated with angels and spirits in their world every bit one of them, it is now disclosed.

. . . This Second Coming of the Lord is effected by means of a man to whom the Lord has manifested Himself in Person, and whom He has filled with His Spirit, that he may teach the doctrines of the New Church building from the Lord by means of the Word. . . . That the Lord manifested Himself before me. His servant, and sent me to this office, . . . I affirm in truth."[46]

Esoteric Christian teachings [edit]

In Max Heindel'southward teaching, there is a distinction between the catholic Christ, or Christ without, and the Christ within.[47] Co-ordinate to this tradition, the Christ within is regarded as the true Saviour who needs to exist born within each individual[48] in order to evolve toward the future Sixth Epoch in the Earth's etheric airplane, that is, toward the "new heavens and a new earth":[49] the New Galilee. [50] The 2d Coming or Advent of the Christ is not in a physical body,[51] just in the new soul body of each individual in the etheric aeroplane of the planet[52] where man "shall be caught up in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air."[53] The "day and hr" of this issue is non known.[54] The esoteric Christian tradition teaches that first there will be a preparatory period as the Dominicus enters Aquarius, an astrological concept, by precession: the coming Age of Aquarius.[55]

Islam [edit]

Traditional view [edit]

In Islam, Jesus (Arabic: عيسى ʿĪsā) is considered to exist a prophet and messenger of God, every bit well as the Messiah who was sent to guide the Children of State of israel (banī isrā'īl) with revelation called the Injīl (Gospel).[56] The belief in Jesus (and all other messengers of God) is required in Islam, and a requirement of existence a Muslim. Muslims practise non recognize Jesus as the Son of God, every bit they believe God has no equals, but instead as a prophet. The Quran states that Jesus was built-in to the virgin Mary. Muslims believe that Jesus was non crucified, as a lookalike was made to resemble him, who was crucified instead. Jesus was then raised to the heavens where he is believed to be alive. In the Quran, the Christian belief of the Resurrection of Jesus is not mentioned.[57]

The Quran refers to a chat betwixt Jesus and God on judgement day in Sura Al-Ma'idah five:116, five:117. Jesus is questioned v:116 "Did yous ever ask the people to worship yous and your mother equally gods besides Allah?". To which Jesus replies 5:117 "I never told them anything except what You ordered me to say: "Worship Allah—my Lord and your Lord!" And I was witness over them equally long as I remained among them."

And ˹on Judgment Day˺ Allah will say, "O Jesus, son of Mary! Did yous ever ask the people to worship yous and your mother as gods as well Allah?" He will answer, "Glory be to You! How could I ever say what I had no right to say? If I had said such a matter, you would have certainly known it. You know what is ˹hidden˺ within me, but I exercise not know what is within You. Indeed, Y'all ˹alone˺ are the Knower of all unseen. five:116

I never told them anything except what You ordered me to say: "Worship Allah—my Lord and your Lord!" And I was witness over them equally long equally I remained among them. Only when Y'all took me, You lot were the Witness over them—and You lot are a Witness over all things. 5:117

In the Quran, the second coming of Jesus is heralded in Sura Az-Zukhruf equally a sign of the Day of Judgment.

And (Jesus) shall be a Sign (for the coming of) the Hour (of Judgment): therefore take no doubt about the (Hour), but follow ye Me: this is a Straight Way. 43:61[58]

Ibn Kathir presents this poesy as proof of Jesus' second coming in the Quran in his exegesis Tafsir al-Qur'an al-Azim.[59]

In that location are also hadiths that foretell Jesus' future return such every bit:[sixty] Sahih al-Bukhari, Volume three, Book 43: Kitab-ul-`Ilm (Book of Knowledge), Hadith Number 656:

Allah'southward Apostle said, "The 60 minutes volition not be established until the son of Mary (i.e. Jesus) descends amidst you every bit a just ruler, he will pause the cantankerous, impale the pigs, and abolish the Jizya tax. Coin will exist in abundance then that nobody volition have it (as charitable gifts).[61]

According to Islamic tradition, Jesus' descent will be in the midst of wars fought by the Mahdi (lit. "the rightly guided one"), known in Islamic eschatology as the redeemer of Islam, against the al-Masih advertising-Dajjal (literally "the faux messiah", synonymous with the Antichrist) and his followers.[62] Jesus will descend at the bespeak of a white arcade, east of Damascus, dressed in saffron robes — his head anointed. He will and so join the Mahdi in his war confronting the Dajjal. Jesus, considered in Islam as a Muslim (one who submits to God) and i of God's messengers, will abide by the Islamic teachings. Eventually, Jesus will slay the Antichrist Dajjal, and and then everyone from the People of the Book (ahl al-kitāb, referring to Jews and Christians) volition believe in him. Thus, in that location volition be i community, that of Islam. Sahih Muslim, 41:7023

Afterwards the decease of the Mahdi, Jesus will assume leadership. This is a time associated in Islamic narrative with universal peace and justice. Islamic texts also allude to the appearance of Ya'juj and Ma'juj (Gog and Magog), ancient tribes that will disperse and cause disturbance on earth. God, in response to Jesus' prayers, volition impale them by sending a blazon of worm in the napes of their necks.[62] Jesus' rule is said to exist effectually forty years, later which he will die, (co-ordinate to Islam Jesus did non die on the cross but was taken up to heaven and continues to live until his return in the second coming). Muslims will then perform the Salat al-Janazah (funeral prayer) for him and bury him in the city of Medina in a grave left vacant beside Muhammad.[60]

Ahmadiyya [edit]

The Ahmadiyya movement (declared un-Islamic by principles of Islam) believe that the promised Mahdi and Messiah arrived in the person of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (1835–1908). This is more often than not rejected by mainstream Muslims, who do non regard Ahmadis as a legitimate sect of Islam.

The hadith (sayings of the Islamic prophet Muhammad) and the Bible indicated that Jesus would render during the latter days. Islamic tradition commonly depicts that Jesus, upon his second coming, would be an Ummati (Muslim) and a follower of Muhammad and that he would revive the truth of Islam rather than fostering a new religion.

The Ahmadiyya motility interpret the Second Coming of Jesus prophesied as being that of a person "similar to Jesus" (mathīl-i ʿIsā) and not his concrete return, in the aforementioned way every bit John the Baptist resembled the character of the biblical prophet Elijah in Christianity. Ahmadis believe that Ghulam Ahmad demonstrated that the prophecy in Muslim and Christian religious texts were traditionally misunderstood to propose that Jesus of Nazareth himself would render, and hold that Jesus survived the crucifixion and afterward died a natural death. Ahmadis consider Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (the founder of the move), in both his grapheme and teachings, to be representative of Jesus, and that he attained the same spiritual rank of Prophethood equally Jesus. Thus, Ahmadis believe this prediction was fulfilled and continued past his movement.[63] [64]

Baháʼí Organized religion [edit]

According to the Baháʼí Religion, the 2d Coming is a gradual process that coincides with the advocacy of human culture from the offset of humanity. It teaches that the founders of the major earth religions each represent a return of the Discussion and Spirit of God as a new, unique personification sent by God, who introduces new teachings, laws and revelations, such that all major religions are part of a progressive revelation. Each Coming is said to build upon the major earth religions emerging from before ages, verifying previous spiritual truths, and fulfilling its prophesies regarding a future return or coming. In this context, the Second Coming is depicted as a continuation of God'southward volition in i continuous faith, with different names equally presented by the founders of each religion as the vox of God at unlike times in history.

Bahá'u'lláh appear that he was a manifestation of the returned Christ, understood as a reappearance of the Discussion and Spirit of God:

O g who fine art waiting, tarry no longer, for He is come up. Behold His Tabernacle and His Celebrity abode therein. It is the Ancient Celebrity, with a new Manifestation.[65]

He wrote to Pope Pius Nine,

He Who is the Lord of Lords is come overshadowed with clouds... He, verily, hath again come up downwardly from Heaven even as He came downwardly from it the first time. Beware that grand dispute not with Him fifty-fifty as the Pharisees disputed with Him without a clear token or proof.[66]

He referred to himself equally the Ancient of Days and the Pen of Glory,[67] and as well claimed:

This is the Father foretold by Isaiah, and the Comforter concerning Whom the Spirit had covenanted with you lot. Open your optics, O concourse of bishops, that ye may behold your Lord seated upon the Throne of might and glory.[68]

Baha'u'llah also wrote,

Say: Nosotros, in truth, have given Ourself as a ransom for your own lives. Alas, when We came once again, We beheld you fleeing from Us, whereat the eye of My loving-kindness wept sore over My people."[67]

Followers of the Baháʼí Faith believe that prophecies of the 2nd coming of Jesus (forth with prophecies from other religions) were fulfilled by his precursor the Báb in 1844 then by the events occurring during the days of Bahá'u'lláh.[69] They believe that the fulfillment of Christian prophecies past Baha'u'llah is similar to Jesus' fulfillment of Jewish prophecies, where in both cases people were expecting the literal fulfillment of apocalyptic statements that led to rejections of the Return, instead of accepting fulfillment in symbolic and spiritual means. Baháʼís understand that the return of the Christ with a new name was intended past Jesus to be a Return in a spiritual sense, due to Jesus explaining in the Gospels that the render of Elijah in John the Baptist was a return in a spiritual sense.[70] [71]

Judaism [edit]

Judaism teaches that Jesus is 1 of the faux Jewish Messiah claimants because he failed to fulfill any Messianic prophecies, which include:

  1. Build the Tertiary Temple (Ezekiel 37:26–28).
  2. Gather all Jews back to the Land of Israel (Isaiah 43:5–6).
  3. Conductor in an era of globe peace, and end all hatred, oppression, suffering and illness. As it says: "Nation shall not lift up sword confronting nation, neither shall man learn war anymore." (Isaiah 2:iv)
  4. Spread universal knowledge of the God of Israel, which volition unite humanity as one. Equally information technology says: "God volition exist Rex over all the earth ― on that day, God will be One and His Name will exist One" (Zechariah 14:nine).[72]

Regarding the Christian thought that these prophecies will be fulfilled during a "second coming," Ohr Samayach states "we find this to be a contrived answer, since there is no mention of a 2nd coming in the Jewish Bible. Second, why couldn't God attain His goals the start fourth dimension round?"[73] Rabbi David Wolpe believes that the Second Coming was "grown out of 18-carat disappointment. [...] When Jesus died, truthful believers had to theologically compensate for the disaster."[74]

Rastafari [edit]

In the early developments of the Rastafari religion, Haile Selassie (the Ethiopian Emperor) was regarded as a member of the House of David, is worshipped as God incarnate,[75] and is thought to be the "blackness Jesus" and "black messiah" – the second coming of Christ.[76] Information technology was claimed that Marcus Garvey preached the coming of the black messiah on the eve of Selassie'southward coronation. Due to this prophecy, Selassie was the source of inspiration of the poor and uneducated Christian populations of Jamaica, who believed that the Emperor would liberate the black people from the subjugation of European colonists.[77]

Paramahansa Yogananda'due south commentary [edit]

In modern times some traditional Indian religious leaders have moved to comprehend Jesus as an avatar, or incarnation, of God. In calorie-free of this, the Indian guru Paramahansa Yogananda, author of Autobiography of a Yogi, wrote an extensive commentary on the Gospels published in 2004 in the two-volume gear up The Second Coming of Christ: The Resurrection of the Christ Within Yous.[78] The book offers a mystical interpretation of the 2nd Coming in which it is understood to be an inner experience, something that takes identify within the individual centre. In the introduction of this volume, Yogananda wrote that the true Second Coming is the resurrection within y'all of the Infinite Christ Consciousness. Likewise stated in the Volume of Luke – "Neither shall they say, Lo here! or, lo in that location! for, behold, the kingdom of God is within yous." (Luke 17:21)

Daya Mata wrote in the preface of The 2d Coming of Christ that the "two-volume scriptural treatise thus represents the inclusive culmination of Paramahansa Yogananda's divine committee to make manifest to the world the essence of original Christianity as taught by Jesus Christ." In sharing her memories of when she wrote downward his words, she shares – "the great Guru, his face radiantly enraptured, as he records for the world the inspired exposition of the Gospel teachings imparted to him through direct, personal communion with Jesus of Nazareth."[78] Larry Dossey, M.D., wrote that "Paramahansa Yogananda'southward The 2nd Coming of Christ is one of the most important analyses of Jesus' teachings that exists....Many interpretations of Jesus' words separate peoples, cultures, and nations; these foster unity and healing, and that is why they are vital for today's world."[79]

In mod culture [edit]

Jesus Christ returning to earth has been a theme in several movies and books, for example:

  • The Seventh Sign – 1988 picture show starring Demi Moore about a pregnant lady who discovers the Second Coming of Christ has rented a room from her, in gild to brainstorm the countdown that volition trigger the Apocalypse.
  • Left Behind – Film- and book-franchise (1995– ) built by Tim LaHaye and Jerry B. Jenkins based on the time-flow before, during and after the Second Coming of Christ.
  • Terminate of Days – 1999 action-gamble film starring Arnold Schwarzenegger about a policeman who must finish Satan before he ends the world.
  • Thief In the Night by William Bernard Sears – The pop Television and radio personality plays the role of a detective in writing a book about identifying the clues and symbols from the Biblical prophecies of the return of the Christ that have been overlooked or misunderstood, and settles on a shocking conclusion (2002) [1961]. Oxford, UK: George Ronald. ISBN 0-85398-008-X.
  • SCARS: Christian Fiction End-Times Thriller by Patience Prence – 2010 novel about a girl named Becky who struggles through the fourth dimension of the Bang-up Tribulation.[lxxx]
  • At the End of All Things by Stony Graves – 2011 novel almost the days following the Rapture, and right before the Final State of war betwixt God and Satan.[81]
  • The Second Coming: A Love Story by Scott Pinsker – 2014 novel about two men who claim to be the Second Coming of Christ. Each claims that the other is a liar – just only one is telling the truth.[82]
  • Blackness Jesus – Adult Swim television series (2014-2015 and 2019) created past Aaron McGruder and Mike Clattenburg, tells the story of Jesus living in mod-day Compton, California, and his efforts to spread love and kindness on a daily ground. He is supported in his mission by a small-scale-but-loyal group of downtrodden followers, while facing conflicts involving corrupt preachers, ethnic tensions, and the hate spreading activities of the managing director of his apartment complex.

See also [edit]

  • False prophet
  • Inaugurated eschatology
  • Kalki
  • List of messiah claimants
  • List of people claimed to exist Jesus
  • Life of Jesus in the New Attestation
  • Realized eschatology
  • "The 2nd Coming" (poem), by William Butler Yeats

References [edit]

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  15. ^ Chapter 2, ' The Folly of Organized religion ' p54 in " The New Atheism " past Victor J. Stenger, published 2009 by Prometheus Books, ISBN 978-1-59102-751-5
  16. ^ 1) Time to come Survival, Chuck Smith, The Give-and-take for Today, Costa Mesa, CA 1978, folio 17 2) The Life of Jesus Critically Examined, Dr. David Strauss, Sigler Press, Ramsey, NJ 1994, page 587 iii) Jesus and The Final Days, George Murray, Hendrickson Publisher, Peabody, Mass. 1993, pages 443–444 4) The Quest of the Historical Jesus, Dr. Albert Schweitzer, Macmillan, NY, 1968, page 240 5) Last Days Madness, Gary DeMar, American Vision Inc., Atlanta, GA 1994, folio 114 6) The Parousia, Stuart Russell, T. Fisher Unwin Pub., London, 1887, page 84 seven) The Decline & Fall of the Roman Empire, Edward Gibbon, Penguin Books, NY 1985, page 276 viii) Apocalypse of The Gospels, Milton Terry, (1819), affiliate xviii reprinted and its pages renumbered in 1992 by John Bray, PO Box 90129, Lakeland, FL 33804, pages 34 & 38
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  23. ^ Cosmic Encyclopedia: General Judgment: "Few truths are more than ofttimes or more clearly proclaimed in Scripture than that of the general judgment. To it the prophets of the Old Testament refer when they speak of the '24-hour interval of the Lord' (Joel two:31; Ezekiel 13:5; 93-231700-half dozen annals Holy BIBLE service name number Jermaine Thomas McCoy 93-231700-6 Isaiah 2:12), in which the nations will exist summoned to judgment past the Fathers. In the New Attestation the Parousia, or coming of Christ equally Judge of the world, is an frequently-repeated doctrine. The Saviour Himself not but foretells the event but graphically portrays its circumstances (Matthew 24:27 sqq.;SGT john 1:xviii Parish all world threw Justice hall Dean Jermaine Thomas McCoy 25:31 sqq.). The Apostles Malachi peter phophet labour give a most prominent identify to this doctrine in their preaching (Acts 10:42; 17:31) and writings (Romans 2:v–16; 14:ten; 1 Corinthians iv:5; 2 Corinthians 5:x; 2 Timothy four:ane; two Thessalonians 1:v; James five:seven). Besides the proper noun Parusia (parousia), or Advent (1 Corinthians 15:23; 2 Thessalonians 2:19), the Second Coming is also called Epiphany, epiphaneia, or Appearance (two Thessalonians 2:8; 1 Timothy 6:fourteen; 2 Timothy four:1; Titus 2:13), and Apocalypse (apokalypsis), or Revelation (two Thessalonians 2:7; i Peter iv:13). The time of the Second Coming is spoken of equally 'that Day' (2 Timothy iv:8), 'the day of the Lord' (1 Thessalonians 5:2), 'the mean solar day of Christ' (Philemon one:6), 'the day of the Son of Man' (Luke 17:xxx), 'the final mean solar day' (John half-dozen:39–xl). The conventionalities in the full general judgment has prevailed at all times and in all places within the Church. It is independent equally an article of faith in all the aboriginal creeds: 'He ascended into heaven. From thence He shall come to approximate the living and the dead' (Apostles' Creed). The two shall come again with glory to judge both the living and the expressionless' (Nicene Creed). 'From thence they shall come to estimate the living and the expressionless, at whose coming all men must rising with their bodies and are to render an account of their deeds' (Athanasian Creed). Relying on the authority of Papias, several Fathers of the first four centuries advanced the theory of a thousand years' terrestrial reign of Christ with the saints to precede the end of the Earth (see article on MILLENNIUM). Though this thought is interwoven with the eschatological teachings of those writers, it in no mode detracted from their belief in a universal world-judgment. Patristic testimony to this dogma is clear and unanimous."
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Bibliography [edit]

  • C. S. Lewis. (1960). The Earth's Last Night and Other Essays. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. ISBN 0-15-698360-5
  • Max Heindel. How Shall We Know Christ at His Coming?, May 1913 (stenographic report of a lecture, Los Angeles), ISBN 0-911274-64-ii
  • Markus Mühling. Grundinformation Eschatologie. Systematische Theologie aus der Perspektive der Hoffnung, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2007, ISBN 978-3-525-03619-8, 221–241
  • James Stuart Russell. The Parousia, A Careful Look at the New Testament Doctrine of the Lord'due south Second Coming, London 1887
  • Emanuel Swedenborg. The Consummation of the Age; the Coming of the Lord; and the New Heaven and New Church building, Affiliate 14 in The True Christian Religion Containing the Universal Theology of The New Church Foretold by the Lord in Daniel vii; thirteen, xiv; and in Revelation 21; 1,2 (Swedenborg Foundation 1952)
  • Henry Wansbrough. The New Jerusalem Bible (1990). Doubleday. ISBN 0-385-14264-1
  • Paramahansa Yogananda. The Second Coming of Christ: The Resurrection of the Christ Within You. Cocky-Realization Fellowship, 2004. ISBN 978-0876125557

External links [edit]

  • "Lecture XV: On the Clause, And Shall Come in Glory to Judge the Quick and the Dead; Of Whose Kingdom There Shall Exist No End.", delivered past Cyril of Jerusalem in the mid-4th century.
  • "The 2d Coming", a summary article.
  • A Critical Summary of "The 2nd Coming" by W.B Yeats-RiseNotes

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Coming

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