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When Is Planet X in Range Again?

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Apocalyptic hoax

This article is about the doomsday scenario. For other uses, meet Nibiru.

Nibiru cataclysm
A red star lies at the centre of a brownish cloud against a background of stars

V838 Monocerotis, a variable star accompanied by a light repeat, has been erroneously portrayed as an approaching planet or brown dwarf on a collision course with Earth.[1]

Claims Globe'due south imminent collision or near miss with a giant planetoid
Related scientific disciplines Astronomy, archaeology
Year proposed 1995
Original proponents Nancy Lieder
Subsequent proponents Marshall Masters, Jaysen Rand, Pana Wave, David Meade, Terral Croft, Paul Begley, Matt Rogers
Pseudoscientific concepts

The Nibiru cataclysm is a supposed disastrous encounter between Earth and a large planetary object (either a standoff or a nearly-miss) that certain groups believed would have place in the early on 21st century. Believers in this doomsday event usually refer to this object as Nibiru or Planet X. The idea was first put forwards in 1995 by Nancy Lieder,[two] [3] founder of the website ZetaTalk. Lieder claims she is a contactee with the ability to receive messages from extraterrestrials from the Zeta Reticuli star system through an implant in her brain. She states that she was chosen to warn mankind that the object would sweep through the inner Solar System in May 2003 (though that date was later postponed) causing Earth to undergo a physical pole shift that would destroy nearly of humanity.[iv]

The prediction has after spread beyond Lieder's website and has been embraced by numerous Cyberspace doomsday groups. In the late 2000s, it became closely associated with the 2012 miracle. Since 2012, the Nibiru calamity has frequently reappeared in the popular media, usually linked to newsmaking astronomical objects such as Comet ISON or Planet 9. Although the proper name "Nibiru" is derived from the works of the "aboriginal astronaut" author Zecharia Sitchin and his interpretations of Babylonian and Sumerian mythology, he denied any connexion betwixt his piece of work and various claims of a coming apocalypse. A prediction by self-described "Christian numerologist" David Meade that the Nibiru cataclysm would occur on 23 September 2017 received all-encompassing media coverage.

The thought that a planet-sized object will collide with or closely pass by Earth in the near future is non supported by whatsoever scientific bear witness and has been rejected by astronomers and planetary scientists as pseudoscience and an Internet hoax.[5] [ failed verification ] [6] Such an object would have destabilised the orbits of the planets to the extent that their effects would be easily appreciable today.[7] Astronomers have hypothesized many planets across Neptune, and though many accept been disproved, in that location are some that remain viable candidates such every bit Planet Nine. All the current candidates are in orbits that proceed them well beyond Neptune throughout their orbit, even when they are closest to the Sun.

History [edit]

Nancy Lieder and ZetaTalk [edit]

Nancy Lieder is seen from the neck up in front of a background of grey alien faces

Nancy Lieder in June 2013

The idea of the Nibiru encounter originated with Nancy Lieder, a Wisconsin woman who claims that as a girl she was contacted by gray extraterrestrials called Zetans, who implanted a communications device in her brain. In 1995, she founded the website ZetaTalk to disseminate her ideas.[8] Lieder first came to public attending on Internet newsgroups during the build-upward to Comet Hale–Bopp's 1997 perihelion. She stated, claiming to speak every bit the Zetans,[9] that: "The Unhurt–Bopp comet does not be. It is a fraud, perpetrated by those who would take the teeming masses quiescent until it is also late. Hale–Bopp is nothing more than than a distant star, and will describe no closer."[ix] She claimed that the Hale–Bopp story was manufactured to distract people from the imminent arrival of a large planetary object, "Planet X", which would soon laissez passer by Earth and destroy civilization.[9] Subsequently Hale–Bopp'southward perihelion revealed it as i of the brightest and longest-observed comets of the final century,[ten] Lieder removed the get-go two sentences of her initial statement from her site, though they can still be institute in Google's archives.[ix] Her claims eventually made the New York Times.[eleven]

Lieder described Planet Ten as roughly four times the size of Earth, and said that its closest approach would occur on May 27, 2003, resulting in Globe's rotation ceasing for exactly 5.9 terrestrial days. This would be followed past Earth'southward pole destabilising in a pole shift (a physical pole shift, with Earth's pole physically moving, rather than a geomagnetic reversal) acquired by magnetic allure between World's core and the magnetism of the passing planet. This in turn would disrupt Earth'southward magnetic core and atomic number 82 to subsequent displacement of Earth's crust.[12] Afterwards the 2003 date passed without incident, Lieder said that it was only a "white lie ... to fool the establishment".[xiii] She refused to disclose the true appointment, saying that to do then would requite those in power plenty fourth dimension to declare martial law and trap people in cities during the shift, leading to their deaths.[xiv]

Zecharia Sitchin and Sumer [edit]

The "Winged Sun of Thebes", from Egyptian Mythology and Egyptian Christianity written by Samuel Sharpe in 1863. Proponents of the Nibiru calamity accept often cited this every bit an ancient representation of Nibiru.[15]

Although Lieder originally referred to the object as "Planet X", it has get deeply associated with Nibiru, a planet from the works of ancient astronaut proponent Zecharia Sitchin, particularly his book The 12th Planet. According to Sitchin'southward estimation of ancient Mesopotamian religious texts, which has been shown to exist based on a faulty understanding of Sumerian text[xvi] [17] [eighteen] [19] a giant planet (chosen Nibiru or Marduk) passes past Earth every three,600 years, allowing its sentient inhabitants to collaborate with humanity.[19] Sitchin identified these beings with the Anunnaki in Sumerian mythology and claimed that they were humanity's outset gods.[twenty] [19] Lieder first made the connectedness between Nibiru and her Planet Ten on her site in 1996 ("Planet X does be, and it is the 12th Planet, one and the aforementioned").[21]

Sitchin, who died in 2010, denied whatever connection between his piece of work and Lieder'south claims. In 2007, partly in response to Lieder'due south proclamations, Sitchin published a book, The End of Days, which set the fourth dimension for the last passing of Nibiru by Earth at 556 BC, which would hateful, given the object's supposed iii,600-year orbit, that it would render sometime effectually Advertizing 2900.[22] He did say that he believed that the Annunaki might return before past spaceship, and that the timing of their return would coincide with the shift from the astrological Age of Pisces to the Age of Aquarius, sometime between 2090 and 2370.[23]

Modern proponents of the Nibiru cataclysm often cite the winged sun symbol as actually representing Nibiru, whom they believe would announced like a "winged star".[15]

2012 and the Maya agenda [edit]

Though Lieder herself has non specified a new date for the object's return, many groups have taken upwardly her idea and cited their own dates. One oft cited date was December 21, 2012. This date had many apocalyptic associations, equally it was the end of a cycle (bʼakʼtun) in the long count in the Maya calendar. Several writers published books connecting the come across with 2012.[24] Despite that appointment having passed, many websites still contend that Nibiru/Planet X is en route to Earth.[25]

In 2012, Lieder claimed that U.S. President Barack Obama futilely attempted to announce the presence of Nibiru most the Sun.[26] Afterwards 2012, she claimed that several globe leaders had intended to announce the presence of Nibiru near the Sun on October xx, 2014. Two weeks afterward the supposed date of announcement, she claimed that it did non occur because of consternation amid the institution.[27]

2017 revival [edit]

a woman in robes and a shawl with a halo of stars behind her head stands on a blue ball encircled by a serpent

In 2017, a conspiracy theorist and self-proclaimed "Christian numerologist" named David Meade revived the Nibiru cataclysm by tying information technology to various passages from the Bible.[30] Meade alleged that these passages contained hush-hush numerological codes, which revealed the exact date on which Nibiru would arrive.[29] He also based his predictions on the geometry of the Giza Pyramids.[28] Meade initially predicted that Nibiru would make it in Oct 2017,[30] but he afterward revised the date back to September 23.[31] [32] The specific focus of his prediction revolved around the Woman of the Apocalypse referring to a supposedly unique configuration on that date of the Lord's day, Moon, and planets in Virgo.[32] He cited the solar eclipse of Baronial 21, 2017 as a harbinger.[33] [34] [35]

Meade'due south claims received extensive media attending.[33] [34] [35] Viral fake news stories circulated across the Cyberspace, adducing non-existent confirmations past NASA of Nibiru's existence on a course "headed straight for Globe".[8] [36] [37] In reality, NASA's position is, and always has been, that Nibiru does not be.[viii] [36] [37] [38] [39] [xl] [41] Meade also faced criticism from swain Christians; Ed Stetzer, writing for Christianity Today, stated that "there is no such thing as a 'Christian numerologist'",[42] and described Meade as "a made-upwardly expert in a fabricated-upward field talking most a fabricated-up event".[42] Christopher Chiliad. Graney, a professor with the Vatican Observatory Foundation, noted that the supposedly unique outcome was, in fact, quite mutual, having occurred 4 times in the last millennium.[32] His September 23 theories were too debunked past Time writer Jeff Kluger.[43] Brazilian astronomer Duília de Mello called his predictions and conjectures rubbish, and as well said Nibiru would take been seen during the eclipse and that Meade was using calculations based on the Gregorian agenda.[44]

After his predictions failed to come true, Meade revised them and declared that Nibiru would arrive on October 5, 2017, not on September 23.[45] [46] Meade announced that, on five October, Nibiru would eclipse the Sun, and North Korea, China and Russian federation would launch a combined nuclear attack on the U.s.a..[46] So, Earth would be devastated by a series of magnitude 9.viii earthquakes, Globe's magnetic pole would shift past 30 degrees, the Us would exist dissever in half, and Barack Obama would be elected president for an unconstitutional third term.[47] He predicted that the seven-year Great Tribulation would begin on October xv.[48]

When October came, some other apocalyptic writer, Terral Croft, predicted the arrival of Nibiru for November nineteen, a prediction again reported in the British tabloid press. Croft describes Nibiru as a "black star" at the border of the Solar System, which, rather than colliding with Earth, would grade an apocalyptic conjunction with World, leading to massive earthquakes. Croft claimed that earthquakes have been increasing worldwide in the leadup to the conjunction, though The Washington Post, quoting the United States Geological Survey, was quick to betoken out that earthquakes had decreased in both power and frequency over the year.[49] Paul Begley, a YouTube conspiracy theorist and pastor at the Community Gospel Baptist Church in Knox, Indiana, besides predicted in one of his YouTube videos that Nibiru would appear in 2017 and alleged that the solar eclipse was a sign of the apocalypse and the rogue planet.[50] Around 12 April 2018, Meade cited an alleged 23 April astrological conjunction in Virgo and predicted that Nibiru would appear during the conjunction and presage the Rapture; Space.com commented that nada resembling such a conjunction is actually forecast for April 23.[51]

Scientific rejection [edit]

Astronomers decline the idea of Nibiru, and have fabricated efforts to inform the public that at that place is no threat to Earth.[52] They point out that such an object and then close to Earth would be hands visible to the naked heart, and would crusade noticeable effects in the orbits of the outer planets.[53] [24] Most photographs purporting to show "Nibiru" beside the Sun are lens flares, false images of the Lord's day caused by reflections inside the lens.[54] Claims that the object has been concealed backside the Lord's day are untenable.[24]

An orbit like that of Nibiru within the planetary organization Earth is a part of, the Solar Arrangement, is inconsistent with celestial mechanics. David Morrison, a NASA infinite scientist, explains that later just one previous flyby of Earth, such as they claim happened in Sumerian times, Earth itself would no longer be in its current near-circular orbit and would exist likely to accept lost its Moon. If Nibiru were a brown dwarf it would have even worse effects, as brown dwarfs are far more than massive.[55] Since Pluto is at present often observed by backyard telescopes, any giant planet beyond Pluto would be hands observed by an amateur astronomer,[53] and if such an object existed in the Solar System, it would have passed through the inner Solar Organization a meg times past at present.[55]

Astronomer Mike Brown notes that if this object's orbit were as described, it would only have remained in the Solar System for nearly a million years earlier Jupiter expelled it, and, even if such a planet existed, its magnetic field would have no effect on Earth'southward.[56] Lieder's assertions that the approach of Nibiru would cause Earth'due south rotation to stop or its axis to shift violate the laws of physics. In his rebuttal of Immanuel Velikovsky's Worlds in Collision, which made the same claim that Earth'south rotation could be stopped and then restarted, Carl Sagan noted that, "the energy required to brake the Globe is not enough to melt it, although it would result in a noticeable increase in temperature: The oceans would [be] raised to the boiling point of water ... [Also,] how does the World get started upward once more, rotating at approximately the same charge per unit of spin? The Earth cannot do information technology by itself, considering of the police force of the conservation of athwart momentum."[57]

In a 2009 interview with the Discovery Aqueduct, Mike Brown noted that, while it is not incommunicable that the Sun has a distant planetary companion, such an object would have to exist lying very far from the observed regions of the Solar System to have no detectable gravitational effect on the other planets. A Mars-sized object could prevarication undetected at 300 AU (x times the distance of Neptune); a Jupiter-sized object at 30,000 AU. To travel 1000 AU in ii years, an object would need to be moving at 2400 km/s – faster than the galactic escape velocity. At that speed, any object would exist shot out of the Solar System, and then out of the Milky way galaxy into intergalactic space.[58]

Conspiracy theories [edit]

Many believers in the imminent approach of Planet Ten/Nibiru accuse NASA of deliberately roofing upwards visual evidence of its existence.[59] Certain polls have suggested that a number of people perceive NASA equally a vast regime bureau that receives every bit much funding as the Department of Defense.[55] Even so, NASA's upkeep amounts to roughly 0.five% of that of the United states of america government.[60]

Ane such accusation involves the IRAS infrared infinite observatory, launched in 1983. The satellite briefly made headlines due to an "unknown object" that was at first described as "possibly as large as the giant planet Jupiter and peradventure so shut to World that information technology would be function of this Solar System".[61] This paper commodity has been cited by proponents of the Nibiru calamity, start with Lieder herself, as bear witness for the being of Nibiru.[62] However, further analysis revealed that of several initially-unidentified objects, 9 were distant galaxies and the 10th was "galactic cirrus"; none were found to be Solar Arrangement bodies.[63]

The red star from the opening image, set against a series of smaller images, each showing the brown cloud growing larger

NASA images showing the expansion of a light echo around V838 Mon, betwixt 2002 and 2004

Another allegation fabricated by websites predicting the collision is that the US government congenital the South Pole Telescope (SPT) to track Nibiru's trajectory, and that the object has been imaged optically.[64] However, the SPT (which is not funded by NASA) is a radio telescope, and cannot accept optical images. Its South Pole location was chosen due to the low-humidity environment, and at that place is no mode an approaching object could be seen only from the South Pole.[65] The "film" of Nibiru posted on YouTube was revealed, in fact, to be a Hubble Space Telescope image of the expanding light echo around the star V838 Mon, which is more 19,000 light-years away from Earth.[64]

Another conspiracy claim regards a patch of missing information in Google Sky near the constellation of Orion, which has often been cited as evidence that Nibiru has been redacted. Nonetheless, the same region of heaven tin still exist viewed by thousands of amateur astronomers. A scientist at Google said that the missing information is due to a software error when piecing images together.[66]

Another piece of claimed evidence drawn from Google Sky is the carbon star CW Leonis, which is the brightest object in the x μm infrared sky and has been incorrectly claimed to be Nibiru.[67]

Misappellations [edit]

Believers in Planet Ten/Nibiru have given it many names since information technology was first proposed. All are, in fact, names for other real, hypothetical or imaginary Solar Arrangement objects that bear little resemblance either to the planet described by Lieder or to Nibiru every bit described by Sitchin.

Planet 10 [edit]

Lieder drew the name Planet X from the hypothetical planet once searched for by astronomers to account for discrepancies in the orbits of Uranus and Neptune.[21] In 1894, Bostonian astronomer Percival Lowell became convinced that the planets Uranus and Neptune had slight discrepancies in their orbits. He concluded that they were being tugged by the gravity of another, more afar planet, which he called "Planet 10".[68] Yet, about a century of searching failed to turn upwards whatever evidence for such an object (Pluto was initially believed to be Planet X, but was later on determined to exist too modest).[69]

The discrepancies remained through to the 1990s when the astronomer Robert Harrington put forward his hypothesis for an extra planet beyond Neptune with, as i example, a semi-major centrality 101.ii AU and eccentricity 0.411 which makes its perihelion 59.lx, so the closest to the Sun it would get is one and a half times the distance to Pluto.[70]

Six months before Harrington died of throat cancer[71] [72] in 1992, astronomer E. Myles Standish showed that the supposed discrepancies in the planets' orbits were illusory, the production of overestimating the mass of Neptune.[73] When Neptune's newly adamant mass was used in the Jet Propulsion Laboratory Developmental Ephemeris (JPL DE), the supposed discrepancies in the Uranian orbit, and with them the need for a Planet X, vanished.[74] There are no discrepancies in the trajectories of whatsoever infinite probes such as Pioneer x, Pioneer 11, Voyager 1, and Voyager 2 that can be attributed to the gravitational pull of a large undiscovered object in the outer Solar System.[75] Today astronomers accept that Planet Ten, every bit originally divers, does not exist.[76]

Hercolubus [edit]

photograph of stars with an arrow pointing to one of them

Photograph taken in 2006 showing Barnard'south Star, which V. M. Rabolú claimed to actually be the planet Hercolubus

In 1999, New Age writer V. One thousand. Rabolú (1926–2000) wrote in Hercolubus or Ruby Planet that Barnard'southward Star is really a planet known to the ancients as Hercolubus, which purportedly came dangerously shut to Earth in the past, destroying Atlantis, and volition come up close to Earth again.[77] Lieder later on used Rabolú's ideas to bolster her claims.[78]

Barnard's star has been direct measured to exist v.98 ± 0.003 calorie-free years (56.6 Pm) from Earth.[79] While information technology is approaching Globe, Barnard's Star will non brand its closest approach to the Lord's day until around 11,700 AD, when it will approach to within some 3.8 light-years.[80] This is only slightly closer than the closest star to the Sunday (Proxima Centauri) lies today.

Nemesis [edit]

Believers in Planet X/Nibiru take often dislocated it with Nemesis,[81] a hypothetical star first proposed by physicist Richard A. Muller. In 1984, Muller postulated that mass extinctions were non random, merely appeared to occur in the fossil record with a loose periodicity that ranged from 26 to 34 million years. He attributed this supposed pattern to a heretofore undetected companion to the Sun, either a dim ruby dwarf or a dark-brown dwarf, lying in an elliptical, 26-million-year orbit. This object, which he named Nemesis, would, once every 26 million years, pass through the Oort cloud, the beat of over a trillion icy objects believed to be the source of long-flow comets that orbit at thousands of times Pluto's distance from the Sun. Nemesis's gravity would then disturb the comets' orbits and send them into the inner Solar System, causing Earth to exist bombarded. However, to appointment no direct evidence of Nemesis has been plant.[82] Though the idea of Nemesis appears like to the Nibiru cataclysm, they are, in fact, very dissimilar, every bit Nemesis, if it existed, would accept an orbital period thousands of times longer, and would never come almost Earth itself.[81]

Sedna or Eris [edit]

Other people also misfile Nibiru with Sedna (90377 Sedna) or Eris (136199 Eris), trans-Neptunian objects discovered past Mike Brown in 2003 and 2005 respectively.[83] [84] However, despite having been described every bit a "tenth planet" in an early NASA press release,[85] Eris (then known only equally 2003 UB313) is at present classified as a dwarf planet. Only slightly more massive than Pluto,[86] Eris has a well-adamant orbit that never brings it closer to Earth than 5.5 billion km (3.4 billion mi).[87] Sedna is slightly smaller than Pluto,[88] and never comes closer to Earth than 11.4 billion km (7.1 billion mi).[89] Mike Brown believes the defoliation results from both the real Sedna and the imaginary Nibiru having extremely elliptical orbits.[83]

Tyche [edit]

Others take tied it to Tyche,[90] the name proposed past John Matese and Daniel Whitmire of the University of Louisiana at Lafayette for an object they believe to be influencing the orbits of comets in the Oort deject.[91] In February 2011, Whitmire and his colleagues took their hypothesis to the public in an article in The Independent, in which they named the object "Tyche" and claimed that evidence for its existence would be found once data from the WISE infrared telescope was collated, leading to a spike in calls to astronomers.[92] [93] The name, after the "good sis" of the Greek goddess Nemesis, was chosen to distinguish it from the similar Nemesis hypothesis every bit, unlike Nemesis, Matese and Whitmire practise non believe that their object poses a threat to Globe.[94] Too, this object, if it exists, would, similar Nemesis, take an orbit hundreds of times longer than that proposed for Nibiru, and never come virtually the inner Solar System.[90] In March 2014, NASA announced that the WISE survey had ruled out the existence of Tyche as its proponents had divers information technology.[95]

Comet Elenin [edit]

Some associated Nibiru with Comet Elenin,[96] a long-menses comet discovered by Russian astronomer Leonid Elenin on Dec 10, 2010.[97] On Oct 16, 2011, Elenin made its closest approach to Earth at a distance of 0.2338 AU (34,980,000 km; 21,730,000 mi),[98] [99] which is slightly closer than the planet Venus.[100] Even so, in the leadup to its closest approach, claims spread on conspiracy websites ended that information technology was on a collision course, that it was equally large equally Jupiter or even a brown dwarf, and even that the name of the discoverer, Leonid Elenin, was in fact code for ELE, or an Extinction Level Event.[96]

Although the sizes of comets are difficult to determine without close observation, Comet Elenin is probable to be less than ten km in diameter.[101] Elenin himself estimates that the comet nucleus is roughly 3–4 km in diameter.[102] This would make it millions of times smaller than the supposed Nibiru. Comet hysteria is not uncommon.[103] Attempts take been made to correlate Elenin's alignments with the 2011 Nihon earthquake, the 2010 Canterbury convulsion, and 2010 Republic of chile earthquake; however, even discounting Elenin's tiny size, earthquakes are driven by forces within the globe, and cannot exist triggered by the passage of nearby objects.[104] In 2011, Leonid Elenin ran a simulation on his web log in which he increased the mass of the comet to that of a brown dwarf (0.05 solar masses). He demonstrated that its gravity would take caused noticeable changes in the orbit of Saturn years before its arrival in the inner Solar System.[105]

In August 2011, Comet Elenin began to disintegrate,[106] [107] and by the time of its closest approach in Oct 2011 the comet was undetected even by large ground-based telescopes.[108]

Comet ISON [edit]

cloudy, black and white images of three lights in a triangular formation

On September 21, 2012, Vitali Nevski and Artyom Novichonok, using the International Scientific Optical Network of telescopes (ISON), discovered the comet C/2012 S1, known as "Comet ISON".[110] Its orbit was expected to bring information technology within 0.429 AU (64,200,000 km; 39,900,000 mi) of Earth on December 26, 2013.[111] Even so, believers tied it to the Nibiru calamity, claiming information technology would hit Earth on that appointment, or that it would fragment and pieces of information technology would hit Earth.[25] Images of the "fragments" of the comet circulating on the Net were shown to be photographic camera artifacts.[25] On April 30, 2013, the Hubble Space Telescope took three pictures of the comet over the course of 12 hours, which were published as a composite in Hubble's archives.[112] This led to speculation on conspiracy sites that the comet had split into three pieces, or even that it was a UFO.[113] After ISON passed perihelion on November 28, information technology speedily began to fade, leaving many to suspect that it had been destroyed as it passed the Dominicus. While a dim remnant did eventually return round the Sun, it was more often than not accustomed to be a cloud of dust, rather than a solid object.[114] On December 2, 2013, the CIOC (NASA Comet ISON Observing Campaign) officially announced that Comet ISON had fully disintegrated.[115] [116] The Hubble Space Telescope failed to detect fragments of ISON on Dec 18, 2013.[117] On May 8, 2014, a detailed examination of the comet disintegration was published, suggesting that the comet fully disintegrated hours before perihelion.[109]

Planet Ix [edit]

A blue planet lies in shadow, set against the Milky Way with a dim sun in the distance

Artist's impression of the hypothetical Planet Nine equally an ice giant eclipsing the central Milky Way, with the Sun in the distance.[118] Neptune's orbit is shown as a small ellipse around the Sun. (Run across labeled version.)

In March 2014, astronomers Chad Trujillo and Scott Sheppard published a paper in Nature arguing that the credible clustering of the arguments of perihelion of distant trans-Neptunian objects suggested the existence of a large trans-Neptunian planet.[119] On January 20, 2016, Mike Chocolate-brown and Konstantin Batygin announced that they had corroborated Trujillo and Sheppard'southward findings, and that they believed the planet, which they dubbed "Planet Nine", would have a mass roughly x times that of Earth, and a semimajor axis of approximately 400–1500 AU (60–225 billion km).[120] Believers in Nibiru and the Nibiru cataclysm immediately argued that this constituted testify for their claims. However, astronomers pointed out that this planet, if it exists, would take a perihelion (closest arroyo to the Sun) of roughly 200 AU (30 billion km).[121]

In March 2016, the Monthly Notices of the Purple Astronomical Society published a newspaper by Daniel Whitmire (who had proposed the being of Tyche) in which he reconsidered a modified version of the Nemesis model he had get-go proposed in 1985[122] due to recent speculations concerning the possibility of a trans-Neptunian planet.[123] The hypothesis argues that an object far closer to the Sun than Nemesis could have a similar issue if its orbit precessed at a rate thousands of times slower than its actual speed, which would mean it might just interact with the Kuiper belt every 27 million years, potentially sending comets into the inner Solar System and triggering mass extinctions.[122] Nonetheless, the paper had been initially published online in Nov 2015, before Brown and Batygin went public with Planet Nine,[123] and concerns a different object far closer to the Lord's day (100 AU vs. ~600 AU); Planet Nine, if it exists, is too far away, says Brown, to have such an effect on the Kuiper chugalug.[124] Nevertheless, an commodity in the British tabloid The Sun (after republished in the New York Post)[125] conflated the 3 ideas of Nibiru, Planet Nine, and Whitmire'southward planet to suggest that not just had Planet Nine been establish, only that it would collide with Globe at the end of April, which resulted in Batygin receiving a spike in panicked calls.[126] In October 2017, science writer Pat Brennan wrote that this planet has no chance of ever colliding with Earth.[127]

Public reaction [edit]

David Morrison, seen from the side, speaking into a microphone

Astronomer David Morrison has repeatedly debunked the claims of Nibiru calamity supporters.[128] [41]

The touch on of the public fear of the Nibiru cataclysm has been peculiarly felt by professional astronomers. In 2008, Mike Brownish said that Nibiru was the virtually common pseudoscientific topic he was asked nigh.[56]

Before his retirement afterwards 2012, David Morrison, managing director of the SETI Institute, CSI Fellow and Senior Scientist at NASA'southward Astrobiology Plant at Ames Enquiry Center, said he received twenty to 25 emails a calendar week almost the impending arrival of Nibiru: some frightened, others angry and naming him as function of the conspiracy to keep the truth of the impending apocalypse from the public, and still others asking whether or not they should kill themselves, their children or their pets.[59] [128] Half of these emails were from outside the US.[24] Science writer Govert Schilling noted, "Planetary scientists are existence driven to distraction by Nibiru. ... And it is not surprising; you devote so much time, energy and creativity to fascinating scientific research, and notice yourself on the tracks of the almost amazing and interesting things, and all the public at large is concerned virtually is some crackpot theory about clay tablets, god-astronauts and a planet that doesn't exist."[5] Similarly, Professor Brian Cox posted on Twitter in 2012 that, "If anyone else asks me about 'Nibiru' the imaginary bullshit planet I will slap them effectually their irrational heads with Newton's Principia".[129]

NASA frequently has to evaluate whether or not to respond to such claims, and the value of reassuring the public is outweighed past the risk of granting farther exposure to a completely non-scientific idea.[55] Prior to the 2012 engagement, Morrison stated that he hoped that the non-arrival of Nibiru could serve equally a instruction moment for the public, instructing them on "rational thought and baloney detection", only doubted that would happen.[59] During the 2017 revival, Morrison stated that the Nibiru phenomenon "keeps popping upwardly over and over" despite his original assumption that it would exist short-lived.[130]

Morrison noted in a lecture recorded on FORA.goggle box that there was a huge disconnect between the large number of people on the Internet who believed in Nibiru's inflow and the majority of scientists who accept never heard of it. To appointment he is the only major NASA scientist to speak out regularly against the Nibiru miracle.[128]

Cultural influence [edit]

  • A viral marketing campaign for Sony Pictures' 2009 film 2012, directed by Roland Emmerich, which depicts the end of the globe in the year 2012, featured a supposed alarm from the "Plant for Man Continuity" that listed the arrival of Planet X as ane of its doomsday scenarios.[131] Mike Dark-brown attributed a spike in concerned emails and phone calls he received from the public to this site.[83]
  • Danish filmmaker Lars von Trier drew inspiration from Nibiru for his 2011 apocalyptic picture show Melancholia.[132]
  • A planet named "Nibiru" made a cameo appearance in the 2013 film Star Trek Into Darkness, which was connected to the cataclysm in the press.[133]
  • Nibiru was a long-running story arc in Scooby-Doo! Mystery Incorporated, ultimately revealed to be a periodic planetary alignment which allowed extradimensional Anunnaki to cross over to World and would permit an evil fellow member of their kind in the 21st century to destroy Earth's universe.[134]
  • The Yu-Gi-Oh! Monster Carte "Nibiru, the Primal Being" depicts a massive, asteroid-like object hurtling towards a planet that looks like Globe.[135]

See also [edit]

  • List of topics characterized as pseudoscience
  • Theia (planet)

References [edit]

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External links [edit]

  • ZetaTalk (contains various pieces about this topic)
  • Bad Astronomy: The Planet Ten Saga (exposé of ZetaTalk'south astronomical errors)
  • Space.com: Nibiru: The Nonexistent Planet

breedingcallather.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nibiru_cataclysm

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